A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, kasuwar semiconductor ta cika da mutane, amma tun farkon wannan shekarar, kwamfutocin tafi-da-gidanka, wayoyin komai da ruwanka da sauran kasuwannin tashoshi sun ci gaba da raguwa. Farashin guntu ya ci gaba da faɗuwa, kuma sanyin da ke kewaye yana gabatowa. Kasuwar semiconductor ta shiga cikin mawuyacin hali kuma hunturu ya shiga da wuri.

Tsarin da ake ɗauka daga fashewar buƙata, ƙaruwar farashin hannun jari, faɗaɗa jari, sakin ƙarfin samarwa, zuwa raguwar buƙata, yawan aiki, da raguwar farashi ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin cikakken zagayen masana'antar semiconductor.

Daga shekarar 2020 zuwa farkon shekarar 2022, kamfanonin semiconductors sun fuskanci babban zagayen masana'antu tare da ci gaba mai girma. Tun daga rabin shekarar 2020, abubuwa kamar annobar sun haifar da fashewar buƙatu masu yawa. Guguwar ta biyo baya. Daga nan kamfanoni daban-daban suka zuba kuɗi mai yawa suka zuba jari sosai a fannin semiconductors, wanda ya haifar da faɗaɗa samar da kayayyaki wanda ya daɗe.

A wancan lokacin, masana'antar semiconductor ta kasance cikin sauri, amma tun daga shekarar 2022, yanayin tattalin arzikin duniya ya canza sosai, kayan lantarki na masu amfani da wutar lantarki sun ci gaba da raguwa, kuma a ƙarƙashin wasu dalilai marasa tabbas, masana'antar semiconductor da ta fara bunƙasa ta kasance "mai hazo".

A kasuwar da ke ƙasa, na'urorin lantarki na masu amfani da wayoyin komai da ruwanka ke wakilta suna raguwa. A cewar wani bincike da TrendForce ta gudanar a ranar 7 ga Disamba, jimillar fitowar wayoyin komai da ruwanka a duniya a kwata na uku ya kai raka'a miliyan 289, raguwar kashi 0.9% daga kwata na baya da raguwar kashi 11% daga shekarar da ta gabata. Tsawon shekaru, yanayin ci gaba mai kyau a lokacin mafi girman lokacin kwata na uku ya nuna cewa yanayin kasuwa yana da matukar jinkiri. Babban dalili shi ne cewa masana'antun samfuran wayoyin komai da ruwanka suna da ra'ayin mazan jiya a cikin shirye-shiryen samar da su na kwata na uku don la'akari da fifita daidaita kayayyaki na kayayyakin da aka gama a tashoshi. Tare da tasirin tattalin arzikin duniya mai rauni, samfuran suna ci gaba da rage burin samar da su.

TrendForce ta yi tunanin a ranar 7 ga Disamba cewa tun daga kwata na uku na 2021, kasuwar wayoyin salula ta nuna alamun gargaɗi na raguwar da ta yi yawa. Zuwa yanzu, ta nuna raguwar shekara-shekara na kwata shida a jere. An kiyasta cewa wannan zagayen zagayen zai biyo baya. Bayan an kammala gyaran matakan kaya na tashoshi, ba a tsammanin zai karu ba har zuwa kwata na biyu na 2023 a farkon lokaci.

A lokaci guda, DRAM da NAND Flash, manyan fannoni biyu na tunawa, sun ci gaba da raguwa gaba ɗaya. Dangane da DRAM, TrendForce Research a ranar 16 ga Nuwamba ya nuna cewa buƙatar kayan lantarki na masu amfani da wutar lantarki ta ci gaba da raguwa, kuma raguwar farashin kwangilar DRAM a kwata na uku na wannan shekarar ta faɗaɗa zuwa 10%. ~15%. A kwata na uku na 2022, kuɗin shiga na masana'antar DRAM ya kai dala biliyan 18.19, raguwar kashi 28.9% idan aka kwatanta da kwata na baya, wanda shine karo na biyu mafi girma na raguwa tun bayan tsunamin kuɗi na 2008.

Dangane da NAND Flash, TrendForce ta ce a ranar 23 ga Nuwamba cewa kasuwar NAND Flash a kwata na uku har yanzu tana ƙarƙashin tasirin ƙarancin buƙata. Duk kayan lantarki na masu amfani da na'urorin lantarki da na sabar sun fi muni fiye da yadda aka zata, wanda ya haifar da raguwar farashin NAND Flash a kwata na uku zuwa 18.3%. Jimillar kudaden shiga na masana'antar NAND Flash sun kai kimanin dala biliyan 13.71, raguwar kashi 24.3% a kwata-kwata.

Kayan lantarki na masu amfani da kayayyaki sun kai kusan kashi 40% na kasuwar aikace-aikacen semiconductor, kuma kamfanoni a duk hanyoyin haɗin sarkar masana'antu suna da alaƙa da juna, don haka ba makawa za su fuskanci iska mai sanyi a ƙasa. Yayin da dukkan ɓangarorin ke fitar da siginar gargaɗi da wuri, ƙungiyoyin masana'antu sun nuna cewa masana'antar semiconductor ta zo lokacin sanyi.