Ekubuyekezweni kwayo kwezokuThutha koLwandle ngo-2021, i-United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) ithe ukwanda kwamanje kwamanani okuthutha amakhonteyina, uma kuqhubeka, kungakhuphula amazinga entengo yokungenisa emhlabeni wonke ngo-11% kanye namazinga entengo yabathengi ngo-1.5% phakathi kwamanje no-2023.

Umthelela wezindleko eziphezulu zokuthutha uzoba mkhulu emazweni asathuthuka aseziqhingini ezincane (i-SIDS), okungase kubone amanani okungenisa impahla enyuka ngo-24% kanye namanani abathengi ngo-7.5%. Emazweni asathuthuka kancane (ama-LDC), amazinga entengo yabathengi angakhuphuka ngo-2.2%.

Ekupheleni kuka-2020, amazinga okuthutha impahla ayesekhuphuke afinyelela emazingeni angalindelekile. Lokhu kwabonakala ku-Shanghai Containerized Freight Index (SCFI) spot rate.

Isibonelo, izinga le-SCFI eliqondile emzileni we-Shanghai-Europe lalingaphansi kuka-$1,000 nge-TEU ngoJuni 2020, lakhuphuka laya cishe ku-$4,000 nge-TEU ekupheleni kuka-2020, futhi lakhuphuka laya ku-$7,552 nge-TEU ekupheleni kukaNovemba 2021. 

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amazinga okuthutha impahla kulindeleke ukuthi ahlale ephezulu ngenxa yokuqhubeka kwesidingo esinamandla kanye nokungaqiniseki kokunikezwa kwempahla kanye nokukhathazeka ngokusebenza kahle kwezokuthutha kanye namachweba.

Ngokusho kombiko wakamuva ovela e-Sea-Intelligence, inkampani yedatha kanye nokweluleka ngemikhumbi eseCopenhagen, ukuthutha izimpahla olwandle kungathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwemibili ukubuyela emazingeni ajwayelekile.

Amanani aphezulu azophinde abe nomthelela ezintweni ezinenani eliphansi njengefenisha, izindwangu, izingubo kanye nemikhiqizo yesikhumba, okukhiqizwa kwazo okuvame ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwezomnotho ezihola kancane kude kakhulu nezimakethe ezinkulu zabathengi. I-UNCTAD ibikezela ukwenyuka kwentengo yabathengi ngo-10.2% kulokhu.

I-Review of Maritime Transport ingumbiko ohamba phambili we-UNCTAD, oshicilelwa minyaka yonke kusukela ngo-1968. Ihlinzeka ngokuhlaziywa kwezinguquko zesakhiwo nezijikelezayo ezithinta ukuhweba olwandle, amachweba kanye nemikhumbi, kanye neqoqo elibanzi lezibalo ezivela ekuhwebeni nasekuthuthweni olwandle.