Ma kāna Loiloi o ka Halihali Moana no 2021, ua ʻōlelo ka ʻAha Kūkākūkā o nā Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa no ke Kālepa a me ka Hoʻomohala ʻana (UNCTAD) inā e hoʻomau ʻia ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai ukana ipu i kēia manawa, hiki ke hoʻonui i nā pae kumukūʻai lawe mai honua ma 11% a me nā pae kumukūʻai mea kūʻai aku ma 1.5% ma waena o kēia manawa a me 2023.

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hopena o nā uku ukana kiʻekiʻe ma nā mokuʻāina mokupuni liʻiliʻi e ulu ana (SIDS), kahi e ʻike ai i ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai lawe mai ma 24% a me nā kumukūʻai mea kūʻai aku ma 7.5%. Ma nā ʻāina liʻiliʻi loa i hoʻomohala ʻia (LDC), hiki ke piʻi aʻe nā pae kumukūʻai mea kūʻai aku ma 2.2%.

I ka hopena o 2020, ua piʻi aʻe nā kumukūʻai ukana i nā pae i manaʻo ʻole ʻia. Ua hōʻike ʻia kēia ma ka Shanghai Containerized Freight Index (SCFI) spot rate.

No ka laʻana, ʻo ka uku kūʻai SCFI ma ke ala Shanghai-ʻEulopa he emi ma mua o $1,000 no ka TEU i Iune 2020, ua lele i kahi o $4,000 no ka TEU i ka hopena o 2020, a ua piʻi i $7,552 no ka TEU i ka hopena o Nowemapa 2021. 

Eia kekahi, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomau ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai ukana ma muli o ka ikaika o ke koi i hui pū ʻia me ka maopopo ʻole o ka lako a me nā hopohopo e pili ana i ka pono o ka halihali a me nā awa.

Wahi a ka hōʻike hou loa mai Sea-Intelligence, he hui ʻikepili a me ke aʻoaʻo ʻikepili moana ma Copenhagen, hiki i ka ukana moana ke hala ma mua o ʻelua mau makahiki e hoʻi ai i ka pae maʻamau.

E hoʻopilikia pū nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe i nā mea waiwai haʻahaʻa e like me nā lako hale, nā lole, nā lole a me nā huahana ʻili, nona ka hana i hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ma nā ʻoihana uku haʻahaʻa ma kahi mamao loa mai nā mākeke mea kūʻai nui. Ua wānana ka UNCTAD i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai mea kūʻai aku he 10.2% ma kēia mau mea.

ʻO ka Review of Maritime Transport kahi hōʻike koʻikoʻi a UNCTAD, i paʻi ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki mai ka makahiki 1968. Hāʻawi ia i kahi loiloi o nā loli kūkulu a me nā cyclical e pili ana i ke kālepa moana, nā awa a me nā moku, a me kahi hōʻiliʻili nui o nā helu helu mai ke kālepa moana a me ka halihali.